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DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disc. Due to wide spreading of this disk as a media for high-quality video distribution, DVD is often called Digital Video Disc. But most people just use the abbreviation - DVD without specifying what V is. A DVD disc and a CD disc look the same (both 120mm diameter). But that's the end of the "sameness". It's essentially a bigger (not in size, but capacity), faster CD that can hold cinema-like video, better-than-CD audio, and computer data. DVD aims to encompass home entertainment, computers, and business information with a single digital format, eventually replacing audio CD, videotape, laserdisc, CD-ROM, and perhaps even video game cartridges. DVD has widespread support from all major electronics companies, all major computer hardware companies, and all major movie and music studios. With this unprecedented support, DVD has become the most successful consumer electronics product of all time in less than three years of its introduction.



DVD Cloner

DVD Cloner

DVD-CLONER designed to backup your favorite DVD movies. Have you stored your DVD movies properly? According to a survey among movie fans, we find that half of them can't keep their movies more than 3 years due to the following reasons:

  • 24% accidentally damaged by children or pets
  • 25% naturally worn or damaged by defective DVD player
  • 25% lost
  • 13% become unusable itself or by unfavorable weather
  • 13% others

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dvdSanta: The Most Easy to Use DVD Creating Tool

DVD Creating Tool

dvdSanta is an All-in-One software that lets you copy, create, convert and burn your DVD movies. It can copy 9GB double layer DVD movies into a 4.7GB DVD-R disc, can turn your photos into DVD movies with Hollywood style motion effects, can convert other video formats (avi, wmv, vob, asf, DivX, Mpeg,...) into DVD video, can transfer miniDV camcorder tapes directly to DVD video. >>>

 

DVD-Video Disc Structure

DVD-Video titles consist of a hierarchical structure as illustrated below. A DVD-Video disc is divided into Video Title Sets (or titles). As a minimum there will be one Video Manager (VMG) and one VTS. A disc containing a movie plus documentary about the making of the movie is likely to be divided into two titles. A disc containing six episodes of a TV programme would be divided into six titles. However in both cases it is possible to have only one title per disc.

DVD Video Disk Structure

Each Video Title Set Information (VTSI) comprises control data and Video Objects (VOB's) for both menus (if present) and titles (stills and video). Each VOB (the fundamental file element of the disc) comprises video, audio, subpictures and navigation data. When a VOB is played the player not only plays the video sequentially but obeys the navigation instructions for displaying menus, getting user selections etc.

Each VOB comprises individual cells linked together by Program Chains (PGCs), which provide the necessary interactivity using a simple programming language developed for DVD-Video. PGCs are used to control the playing of video, audio and subtitles in VOBs, to display menus and input and obey user commands. There are three types of PGC: sequential play, random play and shuffle play. Individual cells may be used by more than one PGC, which can define different sequences through the video content, for example to implement seamless branching. PGCs allow a command set for simple programming including mathematical and logical operators, conditional branching, countdown timer etc. There are 16 general registers for more complex programming and 24 system registers.

DVD Files and Directories

The VOBs and other data are contained in files in the VIDEO_TS directory. The table below gives an example of these files for a single title set disc.

Filename Description
VIDEO_TS.IFO
VIDEO_TS.VOB
VIDEO_TS.BUP
VMGI file (Video Manager Information)
VOB file for VMG Menu
VMGI backup file
VTS_01_0.IFO
VTS_01_0.VOB
VTS_01_0.BUP
VTSI file (VTS Manager Information)
Video Object Set for VTS Menu
VTSI backup file
VTS_01_1.VOB
VTS_01_2.VOB
. . . . . .
VTS_01_n.VOB
First Title Video Object Set file
Second Title Video Object Set file
. . . . . .
Last Title Video Object Set file (n not more than 9)

The audio, video and subpictures for the movie are contained in up to 9 Title VOB files, where each file is not more than 1GB in size. For a DVD-5 there will be no more than 5 Title VOB files, for a DVD-9 a full 9 will be required if the disc is full.

The VTS*.* files can be repeated for each VTS and will be named VTS_02*.*, VTS_03*.* etc. Each VTS will have one each of the .IFO and .BUP files plus one or more .VOB files.

DVD-Video Data Streams

To meet the Hollywood requirements, DVD-Video discs are designed to store audio visual sequences each comprising data streams of four types of data:

Data Type Streams Max Data Rate Coding
VIDEO 1 9.08 Mb/s MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 video and
video stills
AUDIO up to 8 6.144 Mb/s Several audio formats available
for both stereo & surround sound
SUBPICTURES up to 32 3.36 Mb/s 2 bits/pixel run length encoded
subpictures
NAVIGATION 1 - Program Chains to provide
interactivity

The maximum bit rate is 9.8 Mb/s for video, audio and subpictures (the overall maximum, including control information, being 10.08 Mb/s). For a playing time of 133 minutes, the average bit rate is 4.7 Mb/s.

The average video bit rate available depends on the number of audio streams and the encoding used, but should be close to 4 Mb/s for high quality results. Higher bit rates are often used to give even higher video quality.

To protect the copyright of Hollywood studios DVD-Video discs can be copy protected and can be region coded to play only in designated region(s). Copy protection comprises both digital and analogue methods.


Pocket DVD Wizard

Pocket DVD Wizard

The Pocket DVD Wizard allows you to make backup copies of your personal DVD's, Mpeg, AVI and DivX video and then play them on your Windows Mobile™ Pocket PC.

Imagine the possibilities! You can now record your favorite TV program with your DVD recorder and transfer it to your Pocket PC, then watch it later in the office, or on the beach! >>>


There are 4 standard formats. D10 and D18 are not as common.

A DVD-5 (single sided) DVD-Video disc will hold nominally 133 minutes of high quality MPEG-2 encoded video, together with three surround-sound audio channels and four subtitle channels. (Without video compression one DVD-5 disc would hold only about 3 minutes of video).

A DVD-9 (dual layer) disc increases the playing time to 240 minutes of continuous video.

A DVD-10 (double sided) disc will hold a nominal 133 minutes on each side (ie 266 minutes in all), but the disc needs to be turned over to play the other side.

A DVD-18 (dual layer, doubled sided) disc can hold 240 minutes on each side and the disc also needs to be turned over to play the other side.

Most DVD is D9 or D5 format. DVD-Cloner can clone D9 to just ONE DVDr/rw disc (D5 format) without evident losing.


Backup Software - WinBackup - Backup Made Easy
A Six Point Guide to Buying Backup Software
Backup Made Easy: A Six Point Guide to Buying Backup Software
The Need for a Backup Strategy
The Need for Backup
DVD Burner: GEAR PRO Professional Edition for DVD/CD-RW
DVD Cloner: backup your favorite DVD movies
Video Converters
WinAVI Video Converter
AVI to DVD VCD SVCD
MPEG to DVD Burner
EZ DVD Copy: Copy any DVD movie to CD-R or DVD-R
DVD-Squeeze: Copy any DVD to a CD
Media Master - take your movies in any format - AVI, MPEG, DVD, or DivX!
DVDSanta: The Most Easy to Use DVD Creating Tool
Super DVD Creator
DVD Glossary
Why can't the content in DVD be duplicated in the usual ways?
DVD Formats
What is D5 and D9? What is the difference? Any other formats?
DVD Knowledge
What are DVD Menu and Navigation?
DVD Copy Protection
How to get the best DVD quality?
DVD Region Coding
DVD Video Disc Structure
What is DVD
DVD Software Links
DVD Software News
DVD X Player: First region-free software DVD player
Pocket DVD Wizard - watch DVD recordings on Pocket PC
DVD X Ghost: Region Free Software
ImTOO DVD Ripper - DVD to VCD, DivX, MPEG, AVI converter
DVD Photo Slideshow FAQ
DVD Photo Slideshow
DVD Software

DVD Files and Directories

The VOBs and other data are contained in files in the VIDEO_TS directory. The table below gives an example of these files for a single title set disc.

Filename Description
VIDEO_TS.IFO
VIDEO_TS.VOB
VIDEO_TS.BUP
VMGI file (Video Manager Information)
VOB file for VMG Menu
VMGI backup file
VTS_01_0.IFO
VTS_01_0.VOB
VTS_01_0.BUP
VTSI file (VTS Manager Information)
Video Object Set for VTS Menu
VTSI backup file
VTS_01_1.VOB
VTS_01_2.VOB
. . . . . .
VTS_01_n.VOB
First Title Video Object Set file
Second Title Video Object Set file
. . . . . .
Last Title Video Object Set file (n not more than 9)

The audio, video and subpictures for the movie are contained in up to 9 Title VOB files, where each file is not more than 1GB in size. For a DVD-5 there will be no more than 5 Title VOB files, for a DVD-9 a full 9 will be required if the disc is full.

The VTS*.* files can be repeated for each VTS and will be named VTS_02*.*, VTS_03*.* etc. Each VTS will have one each of the .IFO and .BUP files plus one or more .VOB files.

 

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